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West CaldwellGreen Risk

ClosedPublic Works & Infrastructure

Stormwater Management Plan

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ISSUED: 3/1/2005

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Executive Summary

This document outlines the Municipal Stormwater Management Plan (MSWMP) for West Caldwell Township, Essex County, New Jersey, created to comply with N.J.A.C. 7:14A-25 and N.J.A.C. 7:8. The plan addresses stormwater-related impacts by setting design and performance standards for new major developments (disturbing one or more acres) to minimize adverse effects on water quality, quantity, and groundwater recharge. It includes a mitigation strategy for developments seeking variances or exemptions, focusing on stormwater management measures to lessen impacts from existing development. The MSWMP's goals include reducing flood damage, minimizing increased runoff, reducing soil erosion, maintaining groundwater recharge, preventing non-point pollution, maintaining stream channel integrity, and protecting public safety through proper stormwater basin design and operation. The plan also details nonstructural stormwater management strategies, such as modifying land use and zoning ordinances to incorporate native vegetation use, curb cuts, natural vegetated swales, and preservation of natural features. It also presents proposed mitigation projects to provide additional groundwater recharge or protection from stormwater runoff. The plan emphasizes the importance of public education regarding stormwater quality impacts, as well as proper maintenance of stormwater management facilities. There is a target to have ordinances submitted to the county for review within 24 months of the stormwater management rules' effective date.

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--- Document: Stormwater Management Plan Document ---
RFC Design, Inc.
76 Goshen Street Paterson, NJ 07503 Phone 973-227-8700 Fax 973-227-7992
MUNICIPAL
STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
PREPARED FOR
TOWNSHIP OF WEST CALDWELL
ESSEX COUNTY, NEW JERSEY
PREPARED BY
RCC DESIGN, INC.
76 GOSHEN STREET
PATERSON, NEW JERSEY 07503
MARCH, 2005
E-mail: Info@RCCDesign.com Website: www.RCCDesign.com
EQUAL OPPORTUNITY/AFFIRMATIVE ACTION EMPLOYER
Table of Contents
Introduction
1
Goals
1
Stormwater Discussion.
1
Background.
3
Design and Performance Standards.
7
Plan Consistency.
7
Nonstructural Stormwater Management Strategies.
Land Use/Build-Out Analysis.
10
12
Mitigation Plans.
12
Appendix "A" - Tier A Stormwater Guidance, Local Public Education Program
18
List of Figures
Figure C-1: Groundwater Recharge in the Hydrologic Cycle..
2
Figure C-2: Township and Its Waterways...
4
Figure C-3: Township Boundary on USGS Quadrangles.
Figure C-4: Groundwater Recharge Areas in the Township.
5
8
Figure C-5: Wellhead Protection Areas in the Township.
9
Figure C-6: Township's Existing Land Use...
13
Figure C-7: Hydrologic Units (HUC14s) Within the Township..
14
Figure C-8: Zoning Districts Within the Township...
15
Figure C-9: Wetlands and Water Land Uses Within the Township-Constrained Land.
16
Introduction
This Municipal Stormwater Management Plan (MSWMP) documents the strategy for West Caldwell Township
("the Township") to address stormwater-related impacts. The creation of this plan is required by N.J.A.C.
7:14A-25 Municipal Stormwater Regulations. This plan contains all of the required elements described in
N.J.A.C. 7:8 Stormwater Management Rules. The plan addresses groundwater recharge, stormwater quantity,
and stormwater quality impacts by incorporating stormwater design and performance standards for new major
development, defined as projects that disturb one or more acre of land. These standards are intended to
minimize the adverse impact of stormwater runoff on water quality and water quantity and the loss of
groundwater recharge that provides baseflow in receiving water bodies.
The final component of this plan is a mitigation strategy for when a variance or exemption of the design and
performance standards is sought. As part of the mitigation section of the stormwater plan, specific stormwater
management measures are identified to lessen the impact of existing development.
Goals
The goals of this MSWMP are to:
•
reduce flood damage, including damage to life and property;
•
•
minimize, to the extent practical, any increase in stormwater runoff from any new development;
reduce soil erosion from any development or construction project;
assure the adequacy of existing and proposed culverts and bridges, and other in-stream structures;
maintain groundwater recharge;
•
•
•
prevent, to the greatest extent feasible, an increase in non-point pollution;
•
•
•
maintain the integrity of stream channels for their biological functions, as well as for drainage;
minimize pollutants in stormwater runoff from new and existing development to restore, enhance, and
maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the waters of the state, to protect public
health, to safeguard fish and aquatic life and scenic and ecological values, and to enhance the domestic,
municipal, recreational, industrial, and other uses of water; and
protect public safety through the proper design and operation of stormwater basins.
To achieve these goals, this plan outlines specific stormwater design and performance standards for new
development. Additionally, the plan proposes stormwater management controls to address impacts from existing
development. Preventative and corrective maintenance strategies are included in the plan to ensure long-term
effectiveness of stormwater management facilities. The plan also outlines safety standards for stormwater
infrastructure to be implemented to protect public safety.
Stormwater Discussion
Land development can dramatically alter the hydrologic cycle (See Figure C-1) of a site and, ultimately, an
entire watershed. Prior to development, native vegetation can either directly intercept precipitation or draw that
portion that has infiltrated into the ground and return it to the atmosphere through evapotranspiration.
Development can remove this beneficial vegetation and replace it with lawn or impervious cover, reducing the
site's evapotranspiration and infiltration rates. Clearing and grading a site can remove depressions that store
rainfall. Construction activities may also compact the soil and diminish its infiltration ability, resulting in
increased volumes and rates of stormwater runoff from the site. Impervious areas that are connected to each
other through gutters, channels, and storm sewers can transport runoff more quickly than natural areas. This
Land Surface
Unsaturated Zone
^
^
Water Table
Saturated Zone (Ground Water)
Evapotranspiration
Transpiration
Evaporation
Source: New Jersey Geological Survey Report GSR-32.
Recharge
Precipitation /
//////
////
Surface Runoff
-
Infiltration
Stream
1
٦٦
A
STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
PREPARED FOR
THE TOWNSHIP OF WEST CALDWELL
ESSEX COUNTY
NEW JERSEY
FIGURE C-1: GROUNDWATER RECHARGE IN THE
HYDROLOGIC CYCLE
Rosign, Ing.
Engineering Planning Surveying Wetlands Delineation
DIVISION OF CONSUMER AFFAIRS LICENSE NUMBER 24GA28030800
75 GOSHEN STREET PATERSON NEW JERSEY 07503
PH (973) 227-8700 FAX (973) 227-7992
Designer. AP/JAL
Draftsman: FHD
Checked By: AP/JAL
Project No.: 046346
Scale: 1" 2500'
Sheet 1 of 9
shortening of the transport or travel time quickens the rainfall-runoff response of the drainage area, causing flow
in downstream waterways to peak faster and higher than natural conditions. These increases can create new and
aggravate existing downstream flooding and erosion problems and increase the quantity of sediment in the
channel. Filtration of runoff and removal of pollutants by surface and channel vegetation is eliminated by storm
sewers that discharge runoff directly into a stream. Increases in impervious areas can also decrease opportunities
for infiltration which, in turn, reduces stream base flow and groundwater recharge. Reduced base flows and
increased peak flows produce greater fluctuations between normal and storm flow rates, which can increase
channel erosion. Reduced base flows can also negatively impact the hydrology of adjacent wetlands and the
health of biological communities that depend on base flows. Finally, erosion and sedimentation can destroy
habitat from which some species cannot adapt.
In addition to increases in runoff peaks, volumes, and loss of groundwater recharge, land development often
results in the accumulation of pollutants on the land surface that runoff can mobilize and transport to streams.
New impervious surfaces and cleared areas created by development can accumulate a variety of pollutants from
the atmosphere, fertilizers, animal wastes, and leakage and wear from vehicles. Pollutants can include metals,
suspended solids, hydrocarbons, pathogens, and nutrients.
In addition to increased pollutant loading, land development can adversely affect water quality and stream biota
in more subtle ways. For example, stormwater falling on impervious surfaces or stored in detention or retention
basins can become heated and raise the temperature of the downstream waterway, adversely affecting cold water
fish species such as trout. Development can remove trees along stream banks that normally provide shading,
stabilization, and leaf litter that falls into streams and becomes food for the aquatic community.
Background
West Caldwell Township encompasses a 5.13 square mile area in the western portion of Essex County, New
Jersey. Since the development of the West Caldwell Flood Plain and Stormwater Management Ordinance in
1979, the Township of West Caldwell, through aggressive site plan review and zoning regulations that insure
large areas of open space as well as density controls, has managed and mitigated impacts from storm water
runoff generated by local development. Unfortunately, West Caldwell cannot control the higher density
development occurring in surrounding communities what can impact stream flows in West Caldwell. Also, the
Township of West Caldwell has no jurisdiction over these streams where they traverse private property. That
responsibility is shared by the property owner, the NJDEP and, in some cases, the County of Essex, through their
Mosquito Control operation. Figure C-2 illustrates the waterways in the Township. Figure C-3 depicts the
Township boundary on the USGS quadrangle maps. The northern portion of the Township that drains toward
Deepavaal Brook is part of NJDEP Watershed Management Area 4, Lower Passaic and Saddle. The remainder
of the Township is located within NJDEP Watershed Management Area 6, Upper Passaic, Whippany, and
Rockaway.
The New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) has established an Ambient Bio-monitoring
Network (AMNET) to document the health of the state's waterways. There are over 800 AMNET sites
throughout the state of New Jersey. These sites are sampled for benthic macroinvertebrates by NJDEP on a five-
year cycle. Streams are classified as non-impaired, moderately impaired, or severely impaired based on the
AMNET data. The data is used to generate a New Jersey Impairment Score (NJIS), which is based on a number
of biometrics related to benthic macroinvertebrate community dynamics. The one major river that borders the
Township to the south and west is the Passaic River. There is an existing AMNET Station for the Passaic River
at Eagle Rock Avenue in East Hanover, located approximately 0.8 river miles upstream from the West Caldwell
Township border
PASSAIC
RIVER
ROSELAND
REFERENCE: MAP SOURCE DATA, I-MAP NJ DEP
0
1250
2500
( IN FEET )
1 inch 2500 ft.
=
FAIRFIELD
HATFIELD BROCK
SARHATRELD BROOK
CAMPBELL'S SPOON CRANES BROCK
PINE BROCA
PETERS
5000
BROOK
WEST CALDWELL
LEGEND
TWP. BOUNDARY
WATERWAYS
SBR. GREEN BROOK
ESSEX FELLS
NORTH CALDWELL
BEAVER BROOK
CALDWELL
NORTH
STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
PREPARED FOR
THE TOWNSHIP OF WEST CALDWELL
ESSEX COUNTY NEW JERSEY
FIGURE C-2: TOWNSHIP AND
ITS WATERWAYS
Designer: AP/JAL
Draftsman: FHD
Checked By: AP/JAL
Project No.: 045346
Engineering
Wetlands Delineation
Scale: 12500'
Sheet 2 of 9
RGga, 180.
Planning
Surveying
DIVISION OF CONSUMER AFFAIRS LICENSE NUMBER 24GA28030800
76 GOSHEN STREET PATERSON NEW JERSEY 07503
PH (973) 227-8700 FAX (973) 227-7992
PASSAIC
ESSEX CO
MURRIS
RIVER
T
Meado
Long
BOUNDAR
BOROUGH
ESSEY PARKE
SWAMP
Mountain
ROAD
BLOOMFIELD F
HATFIELD BROOK
SORHATFIELD BACION
PETERS
ROAD
211
niry Clu
BM
R
188
Union
Ser
PASSAIC
SAN GREEN
Grover Clovelly
Seh
WEST.CALDWELL
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Hil
Cem
REFERENCE: MAP SOURCE DATA, USGS CALDWELL QUADRANGLE MAP 1954, PHOTO REV. 1981
0
1250
2500
(IN FEET)
1 inch = 2500 ft.
5000
اور
Washington
Sch
GROVER EVELAND PARK
Northeastern
Bible Institute
ERIE
380
LEGEND
TWP. BOUNDARY
BM
Essex Felis
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Country Club
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UMINEND
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North Caldwell
BM
CALDWELL
CALDWELL
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WOMEN
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North Caldwe
Water
Ve
N
NORTH
STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
PREPARED FOR
THE TOWNSHIP OF WEST CALDWELL
ESSEX COUNTY
NEW JERSEY
FIGURE C-3: TOWNSHIP BOUNDARY
ON USGS QUADRANGLES
RGGGOga, ING.
Engineering Planning Surveying Wetlands Delineation
DIVISION OF CONSUMER AFFAIRS LICENSE NUMBER 24GA28030800
75 GOSHEN STREET PATERSON NEW JERSEY 07503
PH. (973) 227-8700 FAX (973) 227-7992
Designer: AP/JAL
Draftsman: FHD
Checked By: AP/JAL
Project No: 045345
Scale: 12500'
Sheet 3 of 9
14
Four tributaries to the Passaic River: Green Brook/Deepavaal Brook, Campbell's Brook, Peter's Brook and Pine
Brook, flow through the Township of West Caldwell. These tributaries, with the exception of a downstream
reach of Deepavaal Brook with an AMNET station, are not studied by any known water monitoring agencies but
appear to be moderately impaired. We recommend that the Township nominates one or more of said tributaries,
especially Pine Brook, for inclusion into the NJDEP AMNET Monitoring System. In addition to the AMNET
data, the NJDEP and other regulatory agencies collect water quality chemical data on the streams in the state.
These data show that the in-stream total_phosphorus, dissolved solids, total suspended solids, and certain metals
concentrations and fecal coliform concentrations of the Passaic River frequently exceed the state's criteria. This
means that this river is an impaired waterway and the NJDEP is required to develop a Total Maximum Daily
Load (TMDL) for these pollutants for each waterway.
A TMDL is the amount of a pollutant that can be accepted by a waterbody without causing an exceedance of
water quality standards or interfering with the ability to use a waterbody for one or more of its designated uses.
The allowable load is allocated to the various sources of the pollutant, such as stormwater and wastewater
discharges, which require a NJPDES permit to discharge, and non-point source, which includes stormwater
runoff from agricultural areas and residential areas, along with a margin of safety. Provisions may also be made
for future sources in the form of reserve capacity. An implementation plan is developed to identify how the
various sources will be reduced to the designated allocations. Implementation strategies may include improved
stormwater treatment plants, adoption of ordinances, reforestation of stream corridors, retrofitting stormwater
systems, and other BMPs.
The New Jersey Integrated Water Quality Monitoring and Assessment Report (305(b) and 303 (d))(Integrated
List) is required by the federal Clean Water Act to be prepared biennially and is a valuable source of water
quality information. This combined report presents the extent to which New Jersey waters are attaining water
quality standards, and identifies waters that are impaired. Sublist 5 of the Integrated List constitutės the list of
waters impaired or threatened by pollutants, for which one or more TMDLs are needed.
The State of New Jersey's proposed 2004 Integrated List of Waterbodies was reviewed to identify any water
bodies within and proximate to the Township of West Caldwell where water quality information is available.
The most current (1998) Ambient Biomonitoring Network (AMNET) macroinvertebrate data for Watershed
Management Areas 3, 4, 5, and 6, Passaic Region was likewise reviewed to identify any AMNET monitoring
sites within or nearby to West Caldwell Township. Sublist 5 of the 2004 Integrated List (by
Waterbody/Parameter) with Priority Ranking was also consulted to identify any impaired waterbodies and the
type of impairment.
The above lists indicate that there are no water quality or macroinvertebrate monitoring data for water bodies
within West Caldwell Township. The closest water quality and AMNET sampling stations for the Passaic River
are located at Eagle Rock Avenue in East Hanover (Site ID#EWQ0231 and ID#AMN0231), approximately 0.8
river miles upstream of the West Caldwell Township border. The water quality data for this station from the
Existing Water Quality Network (EWQ) list impairments for the parameters of Dissolved solids, Phosphorus,
and Total Suspended Solids. In addition, the AMNET site (#AMN0231) indicates an impairment for
macroinvertebrates. Specifically, the 1998 NJIS Rating 6 corresponds to a severely impaired biological
condition for this site. The closest downstream water quality sampling station for the Passaic River on Sublist 5
is the Passaic River at Two Bridges in Fairfield (Site ID#01382000, 6-Site 3) located approximately 10.2 river
miles downstream of the West Caldwell Township northerly border at the River. The water quality data for this
site, provided by NJDEP/USGS Data, Metals Recon, list impairments for the parameters of arsenic, mercury,
and phosphorus. In addition, this same reach of the Passaic River from Route 280 to the confluence of the
Pompton River (Two Bridges) also list an impairment for mercury from the NJDEP Fish Tissue Monitoring
program. The only other waterbody contained in Sublist 5 that is applicable to any sub-watershed area within
West Caldwell Township is Deepavaal Brook. Sublist 5 lists a station for Deepavaal Brook at Little Falls Road
in Fairfield, approximately 1.5 river miles downstream of where the northerly border of West Caldwell
Township intersects the Green Brook/Deepavaal Brook system. There is only an AMNET station (Site
ID#AN0271) in this location, where an impairment for Benthic macroinvertebrates is listed. Specifically, this
station has a NJIS rating: 9 and a Moderately Impaired Biological Condition.
According to the State of New Jersey's Proposed 2004 Intregrated List of Waterbodies, TMDLs approved by the
USEPA for the parameter of Fecal Coliform have been identified for the above-described Passaic River and
Deepavaal Brook waterbodies in the vicinity of West Caldwell Township. The Amendment to the Northeast
Water Quality Management Plan, dated March 28, 2003 established Total Maximum Daily Loads for Fecal
Coliform to address 32 streams in the Northeast Water Region. TMDLs for Fecal Coliform were established for
the Deepavaal Brook at Fairfield (TMDL # 6), Passaic River near Chatham (TMDL #25) and Passaic River at
Two Bridges (TMDL #32). These TMDL's have not been adopted to date. For Fecal Coliform at the segment of
Deepavaal Brook, a target Wasteload Allocation (WLA) percent reduction with margin of safety (MOS) is listed
at 93%. At the upstream segment of the Passaic River at Chatham, the WLA for Fecal Coliform is listed as 96%
and the WLA for this parameter is listed at 83% for the downstream segment of the Passaic River at Two
Bridges. The amended Northeast Water Quality Management Plan includes short-term and long-term
management strategies to reduce non-point sources of fecal coliform. Such fecal coliform management
measures, such as proper pet waste disposal and Canada goose control, could be implemented through a public
education program and eventually within a Stormwater Management Ordinance adopted by West Caldwell
Township.
In addition to water quality problems, the Township has exhibited some water quantity problems including
stream bank erosion and diminished base flow in its streams. Many of the culverts associated with road crossings
in the Township were designed many years ago for smaller storm events than today's (100-year) design storm. In
addition, the hydrologic conditions (i.e. impervious coverage) was considerably less at the time of their design in
both West Caldwell as well as in the upstream municipalities. During severe storm events, these undersized
culverts do not have adequate capacity, thereby causing a backwater effect and flooding upstream.
Even so, virtually no homes in West Caldwell are ever seriously threatened by flooding. In fact, since the
adoption of the 1979 Ordinance, West Caldwell has prohibited the construction of any residential property
within the floodplain of the Passaic River. Historically, Essex County has been responsible in maintaining and/or
replacing culverts, even on local roads. Should any culverts need replacement or repairs, we would ask Essex
County to assume this responsibility.
Though there has not been a significant increase in impervious areas within West Caldwell over the past 25
years, upstream development has caused the peak and volumes of stream flows to continue to increase. The
increased amount of water resulted in stream bank erosion, which resulted in unstable areas at roadway/bridge
crossings, and degraded stream habitats. The high imperviousness (estimated by the NJDEP to be approximately
25 percent of the total acres of the municipality as of 1997) of the Township has significantly decreased
groundwater recharge, decreasing base flows in streams during dry weather periods. Lower base flows can have
a negative impact on instream habitat during the summer months. A map of the groundwater recharge areas are
not available for Essex County at this time. However, details on where they will eventually be posted are shown
on Figure C-4. Wellhead protection areas, also required as part of the MSWMP, are shown in Figure C-5.
Design and Performance Standards
The Township will adopt the design and performance standards for stormwater management measures as
presented in N.J.A CC. 7:8-5 to minimize the adverse impact of stormwater runoff on water quality and water
quantity and loss of groundwater recharge in receiving water bodies. The design and performance standards
include the language of maintenance of stormwater management measures consistent with the stormwater
management rules at N.J.A.C. 7:8-5.8 Maintenance Requirements, and language for safety standards consistent
MORRIS COUNTY
West Caldwell Township
ESSEX COUNTY
*
PASSAIC COUNTY
NORTH
LEGEND
GROUND WATER RECHARGE AREAS
TWP BOUNDARY
Counties
Municipalities
Ground-Water Recharge
16 τα 23 το
110 15
19 ג 8
107
יידי
dc So
Nerds and Gem
Na Ree kerge Cacuued
STREAMS
* NOTE:
GROUND-WATER RECHARGE MAPPING IS CURRENTLY UNAVAILABLE FOR ESSEX
COUNTY MUNICIPALITIES. THE NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ANTICIPATES
GROUND-WATER RECHARGE MAPPING AVAILABILITY IN LATE 2005 OR EARLY 2006.
SEE: http://www.state.nj.us/dep/gis/imapnj-geo/splash.htm#
STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
PREPARED FOR
THE TOWNSHIP OF WEST CALDWELL
ESSEX COUNTY
NEW JERSEY
FIGURE C-4: GROUNDWATER RECHARGE AREAS
Engineering
IN THE TOWNSHIP
Designer: AP/JAL
Draftsman: FHD
Checked By: AP/JAL
Project No.: 046346
Wetlands Delineation
Scale: NOT TO SCALE
Sheet 4 of 9
GG BustER, ING.
Planning
Surveying
DIVISION OF CONSUMER AFFAIRS LICENSE NUMBER 24GA28030800
76 GOSHEN STREET PATERSON NEW JERSEY-07503
PH. (973) 227-8700 FAX (973) 227-7992
PASSAIC
RIVER
ROSELAND
REFERENCE: MAP SOURCE DATA, I-MAP NJ DEP
0
1250
2500
( IN FEET )
1 inch = 2500 ft.
5000
HATFIELD SROCK
SBRHATFIELD BROOK
CAMPBELL'S BROCK CRANE'S BICOK
PINL BROOK
FAIRFIELD
WEST
BAR GRECH SROCK
105
NORTH CALDWELL
NORTH
CARTELL
LEGEND
TWP. BOUNDARY
PUBLIC WELLHEAD
TIER 1: 2-YEAR
TIER 2: 5-YEAR
TIER 3: 12-YEAR
STREAMS
STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
PREPARED FOR
THE TOWNSHIP OF WEST CALDWELL
ESSEX COUNTY
NEW JERSEY
FIGURE C-5: WELLHEAD PROTECTION AREAS
IN THE TOWNSHIP
RAGOSign, Inc.
Engineering Planning Surveying Wetlands Delineation
DIVISION OF CONSUMER AFFAIRS LICENSE NUMBER 24G-A28030800
76 GOSHEN STREET PATERSON NEW JERSEY 07503
PH. (973) 227-8700 FAX (973) 227-7992
Designer. AP/JAL
Draftsman: FHD
Checked By: AP/JAL
Project No.: 045346
Scale: 1 2500'
Sheet 5 of 9
with N.J.A.C. 7:8-6 Safety Standards for Stormwater Management Basins. The ordinances will be submitted to
the county for review and approval within 24 months of the effective date of the Stormwater Management Rules.
During construction, Township inspectors will observe the construction of the project to ensure that the
stormwater management measures are constructed and function as designed. Should any of the requirements of
the New Jersey State regulations exceed or be inconsistent with Federal regulation or requirements to be an
unfunded mandate under the provisions of N.J.S.A. 53:13H, et.seq. and may not proceed with the
implementation of such requirements or regulations until and unless full funding is provided by the State of New
Jersey under the terms of N.J.S.A.52:13H, et.seq.
Plan Consistency
The Township is not within a Regional Stormwater Management Planning Area and no TMDLs have been
developed for waters within the Township; therefore this plan does not need to be consistent with any regional
stormwater management plans (RSWMPs) nor any TMDLs. If any RSWMPs or TMDLs are developed in the
future, this Municipal Stormwater Management Plan will be updated to be consistent.
The Municipal Stormwater Management Plan is consistent with the Residential Site Improvement Standards
(RSIS) at N.J.A.C. 5:21. The municipality will utilize the most current update of the RSIS in the stormwater
management review of residential areas. This Municipal Stormwater Management Plan will be updated to be
consistent with any future updates to the RSIS.
The Township's Stormwater Management Ordinance requires all new development and redevelopment plans to
comply with New Jersey's Soil Erosion and Sediment Control Standards. During construction, Township
inspectors will observe on-site soil erosion and sediment control measures and report any inconsistencies to the
local (Hudson-Essex-Passaic) Soil Conservation District.
Nonstructural Stormwater Management Strategies
The Township has reviewed the master plan and ordinances, and has provided a list of the sections in the
Township land use and zoning ordinances that are to be modified to incorporate nonstructural stormwater
management strategies. These are the ordinances identified for revision. Once the ordinance tests are completed,
they will be submitted to the county review agency for review and approval within [24 months of the effective
date of the Stormwater Management Rules]. A copy will be sent to the Department of Environmental Protection
at the time of submission.
Section 20-21.1: Buffers requires buffer areas along all lot and street lines separating residential uses from
arterial and collector streets, separating a non-residential use from either a residential use or residential
zoning district line, and along all street lines where loading and storage areas can be seen from the street.
The landscape requirements for these buffer areas in the existing section do not recommend the use of
nativė vegetation. The language of this section should be amended to require the use of native vegetation,
which requires less fertilization and watering than non-native species. Additionally, language should be
included to allow buffer areas to be used for stormwater management by disconnecting impervious surfaces
and treating runoff from these impervious surfaces.
Section 20-23.5(b): Curbs and Gutters requires that Belgian block curb be installed along every street within
and fronting on a development and also within the perimeter of parking lots.. This section should be
amended to allow for curb cuts or flush curbs with curb stops to allow vegetated swales to be used for
stormwater conveyance and to allow the disconnection of impervious area.
Although sidewalks are not required along all streets, the Township can require them in areas where the
probable volume of pedestrian traffic, the development's location in relation to other populated areas and
high vehicular traffic, pedestrian access to bus stops, schools, parks, and other public places, and the
general type of improvement intended indicate the advisability of providing a pedestrian way. Sidewalks
are to be a minimum of four feet wide and constructed of concrete. Language should be added to this
section to require developers to design sidewalks to discharge stormwater to neighboring lawns where
feasible to disconnect these impervious surfaces, or use permeable paving materials where appropriate.
Section 21-8.5: Drainage, Watercourses and Flood Hazard Areas requires that all streets be provided with
inlets and pipes where the same are necessary for proper drainage. This section should be amended to
encourage the use of natural vegetated swales in lieu of inlets and pipes, and preserve/protect slopes along
stream banks.
Section 19-9.9: Natural Features requires that natural features, such as trees, brooks, swamps, hilltops, and
views, be preserved whenever possible, and that care be taken to preserve selected trees to enhance soil
stability and landscaped treatment of the area. This section should be amended to expand trees to forested
areas, to ensure that leaf litter and other beneficial aspects of the forest are maintained in addition to the
trees.
Section 21-8.7 & 8.8: Exceeding the Maximum Percent Impervious: The homeowner must mitigate the
impact of the additional impervious surfaces unless the stormwater management plan for the development
provided for these increases in impervious surfaces. This mitigation effort must address water quality,
flooding, and groundwater recharge as described in Chapter 135.
Section 20-23.5: Off-street Parking and Loading details off-street parking and loading requirements. All
parking lots and all loading areas are required to have Belgian block curbing around the perimeter of the
parking and loading areas. This section also requires that Belgian block curbing be installed around all
landscaped areas within the parking lot or loading areas. This section amended to allow for flush curb with
curb stop, or curbing with curb cuts to encourage developers to allow for the discharge of impervious areas
into landscaped areas for stormwater management. Also, language should be added to allow for use of
natural vegetated swales for the water quality design storm, with overflow for larger storm events into
storm sewers. This section also provides guidance on minimum parking space requirements. These
requirements are based on the number of dwelling units and/or gross floor area. The section allows a
developer to demonstrate that fewer spaces would be required, provided area is set aside for additional
spaces if necessary. This section should be amended to allow pervious paving to be used in areas to
provide overflow parking, vertical parking structures, smaller parking stalls, and shared parking.
Section 19-9.1: Streets describes the requirements for streets in the Township. The Township has several street
classifications, ranging from "Arterial", which has a minimum right-of-way of 80 feet, to "Minor”
which has a minimum right-of-way of 50 feet. Street paving widths are a function of the number of
units served, whether a street is curbed, whether on-street parking is permitted, whether the interior streets
serve lots of two acres or larger, and whether on-site topographical constraints allow design flexibility.
Depending on these factors, paving widths for internal streets in an industrial development shall be
determined by the Board. This section should be amended to encourage developers to limit on-street
parking to allow for narrower paved widths.
Several changes should be made to the Township Code entitled "Schedule of District Regulations". The
Township has 5 types of residential districts. Each district has a maximum percent impervious surface allocation,
30 percent. The Township has 6 types of non-residential districts. Each of these districts has a maximum percent
impervious surface allocation, ranging from 25 percent to 35 percent. Although each zone has a maximum
allowable percent impervious surface, the Township Code should be amended to remind developers that
satisfying the percent impervious requirements does not relieve them of responsibility for complying with the
Design criteria for Stormwater Management facilities. The Township is evaluating the maximum allowable
impervious cover for each zone to determine whether a reduction in impervious cover is appropriate. The
Township is also evaluating a maximum percent of disturbance for each zone, for those areas identified as
natural features in Section 19-9.9. Also, if a developer is given a variance to exceed the maximum allowable
percent imperviousness, the developer must mitigate the impact of the additional impervious surfaces. This
mitigation effort must address water quality, flooding, and groundwater recharge.
An important nonstructural stormwater management strategy is a local public education program. All Tier A
Municipalities (West Caldwell Township) are required to educate their residents and businesses on the impact of
their day-to-day activities on stormwater quality. The NJDEP Division of Watershed Management, Office of
Outreach and Education, offers numerous materials and programs that can assist municipalities in developing
and implementing a local public education program. West Caldwell Township agencies can develop such a
program using the guidance provided in "Chapter 5 - Local Public Education" contained in the Appendix of this
Municipal Stormwater Management Plan Report.
Land Use/Build-Out Analysis
Most of the remaining vacant land within the Township is located to the west of Passaic Avenue where it is
environmentally constrained by wetlands, waterways and floodplains.
Since less than 1 square mile of land is currently available for development within the Township, a Land
Use/Build-out analysis is not required. (see Figures C-6, C-7, C-8, and C-9.)
Mitigation Plans
This mitigation plan is provided for a proposed development that is granted a variance or exemption from the
stormwater management design and performance standards or improvements the Township believes are
necessary to implement as well as publicly sponsored projects. Presented is a hierarchy of options.
Mitigation Project Criteria
1. The mitigation project must be implemented in the same drainage area as the proposed development. The
project must provide additional groundwater recharge benefits, or protection from stormwater runoff quality and
quantity from previously developed property that does not currently meet the design and performance standards
outlined in the Municipal Stormwater Management Plan. The developer must ensure the long-term maintenance
of the project, including the maintenance requirements under Chapters 8 and 9 of the NJDEP Stormwater BMP
Manual.
a. The applicant can select one of the following projects to compensate for the deficit from the performance
standards resulting from the proposed project. More detailed information on the projects can be obtained from
the Township Engineer. Listed below are specific projects that can be used to address the mitigation
requirement. (to be completed with input from West Caldwell Township officials)
I. Groundwater Recharge
PASSAIC
RIVER
ROSELAND
REFERENCE: MAP SOURCE DATA, I-MAP NJ DEP-LAND USE MAP 1995
1250
2500
(IN FEET )
1 inch = 2500 ft.
5000
HATFIELD BROOK
CAMPBELL'S BROOK
PETERS
ATFIELD BROOK
FAIRFIELD
WEST CALDWELL
SIN GREEN BROCA
NORTH CALDWELL
ESSEX FELLS
BEAVER BROCK
CALDWELL
LEGEND
LAND USE
TWP. BOUNDARY
AGRICULTURE
BARREN LAND
FOREST
URBAN
WATER
WETLANDS
STREAMS
STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
PREPARED FOR
THE TOWNSHIP OF WEST CALDWELL
ESSEX COUNTY NEW JERSEY
FIGURE C-6: TOWNSHIP'S EXISTING
LAND USE
PRCHG Besige, 108
Empihearing
Plorning
Surveying
Wetlands Delineation
DIVISION OF CONSUMER AFFAIRS LICENSE NUMBER 240A20030800
78 GUSHEN STREET PATERSON NEW JERSEY 07505
PL (373) 227-8700 FAX (373) 227-782
Designer: AP/JAL
Draftsman: FHD
Checked By: AP/JAL
Project